Cadmium (Cd) and Copper (Cu) Exposure and Bioaccumulation Arrays in Farm Ruminants: Impact of Forage Ecotypes, Ecological Sites and Body Organs

Copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) metal distribution in soil–plant ecosystems their public health risk impact on ruminants (cows, buffalo, sheep) are explored the present investigation. Five different forage crops were selected, foraging responses of three types at ecological sites evaluated. The soil these was polluted (due to wastewater irrigation) studied evaluate contamination pollution load index. For assessment Cd Cu, soil, vegetation, blood, hair, feces samples collected analysed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. High consumption fodder (Sorghum bicolor Kuntze, Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Suaeda fruticosa Forssk., Tribulus terrestris L.) by cows buffalo site-III resulted increase daily Cu intake. index higher site-II site-III, indicating a severe scenario for local inhabitants. maximum levels crops. A significant concentrations found site-III. Ecological indicators such as bioaccumulation factor, index, enrichment factor be than cows. level forages highest order S. > T. terresteris C. bicolor. Although lower permissible limit, they generally Exposure inhabitants milk meat from cattle showed serious risks consequences. This situation can properly managed general monitoring vegetation pollution, avoiding food chain components, treated waste water other alternate sources irrigation.